Non-excludable public good

A public good for which it is impossible to exclude anyone from having access. See also: artificially scarce good.

Non-executive director

This is a director who helps the company and offers an independent view on strategies and performance but is not […]

Non-rival good

A good that, if available to anyone, is available to everyone at no additional cost. See also: rival good, non-excludable […]

Normal profits

Corresponds to zero economic profit and means that the rate of profit is equal to the opportunity cost of capital. […]

Nth name

A software system whereby you can pick every 3rd or 4th or 250th name out of a file to use […]

Odd pricing

A pricing method that uses values below (but near) a round number. For instance, many firms select $19.95 rather than […]

Off-line

An off-line database is kept on magnetic tape or cartridge. You cannot call up a record instantly from an off-line […]

Offer

What you are offering in your direct mail: 10 for only $19.95.

Offshoring

The relocation of part of a firm’s activities outside of the national boundaries in which it operates. It can take […]